NAMA : REFASTY ADHIATIE HASNA
KELAS : 1EA30
NPM : 17213356
“
B. INGGRIS DIRECT SPEECH AND INDIRECT SPEECH”
A.
DIRECT dan INDIRECT SPEECH (Kalimat
Langsung dan Tak Langsung)
Direct Speech
adalah kalimat yang diucapkan langsung dari si pembicara. Kalimat
tersebut tidak diubah atau ditambah.
Contoh :
-Erfin said, “I am so happy”.
-They said, “We have watched football game”.
Indirect Speech
adalah kalimat yang berasal dari kalimat langsung yang diceritakan
kembali dalam bentuk yang lain.
Contoh :
-Erfin said that he was so happy
-They said that they had watched football game.
B.
PRESENT
dan PRESENT PERFECT
Jika Kata Kerja dalam induk kalimat bentuknya adalah
PRESENT dan PRESENT PERFECT
atau adanya suatu keterangan yang umum pada induk
kalimat, maka tidak ada
perubahan waktu dalam Kalimat tidak langsung.
Contoh :
-She asks me, “Are you sleepy?” She asks me wether I
am sleepy
-He has told us, “I am hungry.” He told us that he
is hungry
-She told me,“the sun rises in the east”.
She told me that the sun rises in the east
Tetapi apabila Kata Kerja dalam kalimat bentuknya
selain dari PRESENT dan
PRESENT
PERFECT maka terjadi perubahan waktu pada Kalimat
tidak langsung.
Contoh :
C.
Simple
Present menjadi Simple Past
a. He told me, “I go to work everyday.”
b. He told me that he went to work everyday.
D.
Present
Continuous menjadi Past Continuous
a. She told me, “I am playing music now”.
b. She told me that she was playing music then.
E.
Present
Perfect menjadi Past Perfect
a. They told me. “We have bought a car”.
b. They told me that they had bought a car.
F.
Simple
Past menjadi Past Perfect
a. He told me, “I went to Bandung yesterday”.
b. He told me that he had gone to Bandung yesterday.
G.
Simple
Future menjadi Future Past
a. He told me, “I will go to university next year”.
b. He told me that he would go to university the
following year.
H.
Future
Past menjadi Future Past Perfect
a. She told me, “I should go there if I were you.”
b. She told me that she would have gone there if she
had been me.
Perubahan-perubahan MODAL, PREPOSITION dan Keterangan
waktu dari kalimat
langsung menjadi kalimat tak langsung. :
Shall – Should See – saw Will – would
Is – was May – might Has/have – had
Can –could are – were Here – there
This – that Now – then Ago – before, Dsb
I.
COMMAND
(Perintah)
Command terdiri dari 2 jenis :
·
Positive Command
Dalam pola ini kalimat pengantar dinyatakan dengan
kata kerja : tell, ask, advise, etc. Diikuti oleh to infinitive.
Kalimat pengantar :
He asked me to
He told me to + reporter words
He ordered to
contoh-contoh positive command :
Direct : The teacher said to me : “open your book”
Indirect : The teacher asked me to open my book
·
Negative Command
Kalimat pengantar :
He asked me
He told me not to + reporter words
He ordered me
Contoh-contoh negative command :
• Direct : Father asked me : “ Don’t go out”
Indirect : Father asked me no to go out
J.
QUESTION
(Pertanyaan)
Bila pertanyaan langsung dalam bentuk YES dan NO
answer maka IF atau WHETHER sebagai pendukung antara introductory phrase dan
reported words.
Kalimat pengantar untuk pola ialah :
He asked me IF/WHETHER………
Contoh-contoh :
Direct : we asked the man “Do you like coffe?”
Indirect : we asked the man if/whether he liked
coffe
Direct : seisy asked Helen : “have you seen that
film?”
Indirect : seisy asked Helen if/whether she had seen
that fi
Bila pertanyaan menggunakan kata-kata Tanya
seperti : where, when, what, why, who,whose,how,etc. maka kata-kata tersebut
berfungsi sebagai penghubung antara introductory pharse dan reported words,
dengan pola sbb:
He asked me + Question Words+reported
words(positive)
Contoh :
Direct : we asked the man :’where do you live?”
Indirect : we asked the man where he lived
K.
REQUEST
1)
Direct :
He said to his friend, “Please lend me your pen!”
Indirect : He asked his friend to be
kind enough to lend him his pencil
2)
Direct :
George told him, “pay attention to what I say”.
3)
Indirect : George told him to pay attention to
what he said.
